Rennes, du 6 septembre au 8 septembre

Comité d'organisation : Françoise Dal'Bo, Frédéric Paulin, Barbara Schapira, Damien Thomine

Depuis sa création le réseau Platon (GDR CNRS n°3341 http://costia.free.fr/platon/) mène des actions en direction des jeunes chercheurs dans le domaine de la géométrie ergodique. Les rencontres annuelles " Paroles aux jeunes chercheurs" font partie des temps forts de ce GDR. Elles permettent à une dizaine de doctorants ou de récents docteurs de présenter leurs travaux et de favoriser les échanges entre jeunes chercheurs et chercheurs confirmés. La rencontre « Paroles aux jeunes chercheurs en géométrie et dynamique » s'inscrit dans la lignée de ces rendez-vous récurrents avec une dimension internationale apportée notamment par des réseaux suisses et sénégalais.

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EXPOSES

Alexander Adam (UPMC) Resonances for Anosov diffeomorphism

Kamel Belarif (Université de Bretagne Occidentale) Genericity of weak mixing in negative curvature

Adrien Boulanger (UPMC) Cascades in affine interval exchanges

Filippo Cerocchi (Max Planck Institute for Mathematics, Bonn) Rigidity and finiteness for compact 3-manifolds with bounded entropy

Maria Cumplido Cabello (Université de Rennes 1) Loxodromic actions of Artin-Tits groups

Nguyen-Bac Dang (Ecole Polytechnique) Degrees of iterates of rational maps

Laurent Dufloux (Oulu University) Hausdorff dimension of limit sets at the boundary of the complex hyperbolic plane

Mikolaj Fraczyk (Université Paris-Sud) Mod p homology growth of locally symmetric spaces

Weikun He (Université Paris-Sud) Sum-product estimates and equidistribution of toral automorphisms

Cyril Lacoste (Université de Rennes 1) Dimension rigidity of lattices in semisimple Lie groups

Erika Pieroni (Università di Roma, Sapienza) Minimal Entropy of 3-manifolds

Fanni M. Selley (Budapest University of Technology) Ergodicity breaking in mean-field coupled map systems

Nasab Yassine (Université de Bretagne Occidentale) Quantitative recurrence of one-dimensional dynamical systems preserving an infinite measure

RESUMES

• Alexander Adam Resonances for Anosov diffeomorphism

The deterministic chaotic behavior of an invertible map T is appropriately described by the existence of expanding and contracting directions of the differential of T. A special class of such maps consist in Anosov diffeomorphisms. Every 2-by-2 hyperbolic matrix M with integer entries induces such a diffeomorphism on the 2-torus. For all pairs of real-analytic functions on the 2-torus, one defines a correlation function for T which captures the asymptotic independence of such a pair under the evolution T^n as n tends to infinity. What is the rate of convergence of the correlation as n tends to infinity, for instance what is its decay rate? The resonances for T are the poles of the Z-transform of the meromorphic continued correlation function. The decay rate is well-understood if T=M. There are no non-trivial resonances of M. In this talk, I consider small real-analytic perturbations T of M where at least one non-trivial resonance of T appears. This affects the decay rate of the correlation.

• Kamel Belarif Genericity of weak mixing in negative curvature

Let M be a manifold with pinched negative sectional curvature. We show that, when M is geometrically finite and the geodesic flow on T^1M is topologically mixing, the set of mixing invariant measures is dense in the set P(T^1M) of invariant probability measures. This implies that the set of weak-mixing measures which are invariant by the geodesic flow is a dense G-delta subset of P(T^1M). We also show how to extend these results to geometrically infinite manifolds with cusps or with constant negative curvature.

• Adrien Boulanger Cascades in affine interval exchanges

Avec un échange d'intervalle affine donné vient naturellement une famille de telles dynamiques indexées par le cercle. En effet, la pré-composition par une rotation de l'application initiale définit un autre échange d'intervalle affine. On étudiera cette famille de dynamiques dans un cas particulier à travers la géométrie de la surface affine associée et son groupe de transformation affine.

An affine interval exchange (AIE) is a piecewise affine map from the circle to itself. Such a map defines a dynamical systems over the circle by iterating it. With an AIE comes naturally a family of AIE indexed by the circle: they are defined by pre-composing the initial AIE by a rotation. The presentation will focus on the study of possible dynamical behaviors of such a family of AIE through a peculiar example.

• Filippo Cerocchi Rigidity and finiteness for compact 3-manifolds with bounded entropy

We present some local topological rigidity results for the set S of non-geometric, compact -- with possibly empty boundary and no spherical boundary components --, orientable Riemannian 3-manifolds having torsionfree fundamental group, with bounded entropy and diameter. By "local", we mean that we consider S endowed with the Gromov-Hausdorff-topology. We shall provide examples to show the necessity of the assumptions and discuss some open problems. Moreover, we shall give a proof of the finiteness of the homeomorphism types of the manifolds in S. These are joint works with A. Sambusetti (Rome, Sapienza).

• Maria Cumplido Cabello Loxodromic actions of Artin-Tits groups

Artin-Tits groups act on a certain delta-hyperbolic complex, called the ``additional length complex". For an element of the group, acting loxodromically on this complex is a property analogous to the property of being pseudo-Anosov for elements of mapping class groups. A well-known conjecture about mapping class groups claims that "most elements" of the mapping class group of a surface are pseudo-Anosov. In fact, we can prove that a positive proportion is pseudo-Anosov.

By analogy, we conjecture that ``most'' elements of Artin-Tits groups act loxodromically. More precisely, in the Cayley graph of a subgroup G of an Artin-Tits group, the proportion of loxodromically acting elements in a ball of large radius should tend to one as the radius tends to infinity. We will give a condition guaranteeing that this proportion stays away from zero. This condition is satisfied e.g. for Artin-Tits groups of spherical type, their pure subgroups and some of their commutator subgroups.

• N'Guyen-Bac Dang Degrees of iterates of rational maps

In this talk, I will explain what is a rational map, how to define its k-degrees, and I will study the k-degrees of its iterates. I will explain how the study of the growth of these sequences of numbers helps in understanding the dynamics of these maps.

• Laurent Dufloux Hausdorff dimension of limit sets at the boundary of complex hyperbolic planes

Consider the standard contact structure on the 3-sphere. The associated subriemannian metric has dimension 4. The Gromov comparison problem asks about how the Hausdorff dimension with respect to this subriemannian metric is related tothe Hausdorff dimension with respect to the usual (Riemannian) metric. We will look at this problem in the case of limit sets of discrete groups of complex hyperbolic isometries.

• Mikolaj Fraczyk Mod p homology growth of locally symmetric spaces

  I will talk about the growth of the dimension of mod-p homology groups of locally symmetric spaces. Let G be a higher rank Lie group and X its symmetric space and let L be a lattice in G. Results on the rank gradient by Abert, Gelander and Nikolov imply that if L is right angled then for every sequence of subgroups (L_n) of L, the dimensions of the homology groups H_1(X/L_n,Z/pZ) grow sublinearly in the volume of X/L_n. In the special case p=2, I showed that the same statement holds for any sequence of lattices L_n with volume escaping to infinity (even if they are pairwise non-commensurable).

• Weikun He Sum-product estimates and equidistribution of toral automorphisms

Bourgain's sum-product theorem is a metric version of Erdős-Szemerédi sum-product theorem. It asserts that a typical set of real numbers grows fast under addition and multiplication. We will present a generalisation of Bourgain's theorem to matrix algebras and discuss how it is motivated by a ergodic problem, namely, quantitative equidistributions of orbits on the d-dimensional torus under sub-semigroups of SL(d,Z).

• Cyril Lacoste Dimension rigidity of lattices in semisimple Lie groups

We study actions of discrete groups on classifying spaces (or classifying spaces for proper actions). For instance the hyperbolic plane is a classifying space for proper actions of the group PSL(2,Z) (but not of minimal dimension). Such spaces can be used to compute the cohomology of the group, so we want them to have the lowest possible dimension. This leads us to the definitons of the (proper) geometric dimension and the (virtual) cohomological dimension. These two dimensions are not always equal, we will see it is the case for a lattice in the group of isometries G of a symmetric space of non-compact type without Euclidean factors (such a group is a semisimple Lie group but not necessarily connected). This result has an important consequence called "dimension rigidity", that is, the two dimensions are still equal for a group commensurable to a lattice of G.

• Erika Pieroni Minimal Entropy of 3-manifolds

We present the solution of the minimal entropy problem for non-geometric, closed, orientable 3-manifolds (that is, those manifolds which do not admit a com- plete metric locally isometric to one of the eight 3-dimensional model geometries). Together with the results of Besson-Courtois-Gallot for locally symmetric spaces and the work of Soma, Gromov et.al. on the simplicial volume of 3-manifolds and its relation with entropy, this gives a complete picture of the minimal entropy prob- lem for all closed, orientable 3-manifolds. Our work strongly builds on Souto's PhD work (unpublished), filling some gaps in the proof and completing the picture in the case of non-prime manifolds. In detail, we show that the minimal entropy is ad- ditive with respect to the prime decomposition and that for an irreducible manifold X it coincides with the sum of the volume entropies of all the JSJ components of hyperbolic type, each endowed with its complete, hyperbolic metric of nite volume. For the lower bound of MinEnt(X), we adapt Besson-Courtois-Gallot's barycenter method following Souto's ideas; then, we show how this lower bound is realized by producing a sequence of Riemannian metrics gk on X whose volume-entropies tend to

• Fanni M. SelleyErgodicity breaking in mean-field coupled map systems

Coupled map systems are simple models of a finite or infinite network of interacting units. The dynamics of the compound system is given by the composition of the (typically chaotic) individual dynamics and a coupling map representing the characteristics of the interaction. The coupling map usually includes a parameter s in [0,1], representing the strength of interaction. The main interest in such models lies in the emergence of bifurcations when s is varied. We first introduce our results for small finite systems. Then we initiate a new point of view which focuses on the evolution of distributions and allows to incorporate the investigation of a continuum of sites.

• Nasab Yassine Quantitative recurrence of one-dimensional dynamical systems preserving an infinite measure

We are interested in the asymptotic behaviour of the first return time of the orbits of a dynamical system into a small neighbourhood of their starting points. We study this quantity in the context of dynamical systems preserving an infinite measure. More precisely, we consider the case of Z-extensions of subshifts of finite type. We also consider a toy probabilistic model in order to enlighten the strategy of our proofs.

Rennes, du 16 octobre au 18 octobre

Comité d'organisation : Grégory Boil, Valentin Doli, Caroline Robet, Jérôme Spielmann

Comité scientifique : Solène Bulteau, Clément Rouffort, Nasab Yassine

Depuis trois ans, le Centre Henri Lebesgue soutient les Rencontres doctorales Lebesgue, initiative des doctorants du Labex. Il s'agit de trois journées de conférences durant lesquelles la parole est donnée à des doctorants de tout horizon géographique et mathématique. L'objectif est ainsi de présenter un panel le plus large possible de la recherche mathématique actuelle telle qu'elle est vue et vécue par les doctorants, mais pas seulement... Lors de ces rencontres, trois chercheurs, appelés 'parrains' de l'évènement, sont invités à exposer et ainsi à partager leur expérience personnelle de la recherche d'aujourd'hui. Cette année, les rencontres sont parrainées par :

Jean-Marc Bardet (SAMM, Université Paris 1);

Jasmin Raissy (Institut mathématique de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier);

Gabriel Rivière (Laboratoire Paul Painlevé, Université Lille 1).

Bien que principalement orientée vers les doctorants, cette conférence se veut également accessible aux étudiants de M2 désireux d’avoir un aperçu des travaux auxquels une thèse en mathématiques peut mener. Il est de plus possible pour des doctorants désireux d'exposer de déposer des propositions sur l'onglet 'Proposer un Exposé'.